Thursday, April 3, 2025

Newsletter

Chapala Birders Newsletter, April 2, 2025

Changes with Lake Chapala Birders


"Lake Chapala Birders" is undergoing some changes. John Keeling, who has been the group leader for almost 20 years, is retiring! Eight of us have stepped in to take over for him, so he can enjoy the outings without doing the admin. Mugs McConnell will be chief editor of the newsletter, and Robert McConnell will update the website. You will notice a variety of group leaders for the bird walks, so please pay attention to which email to use for confirming your attendance. And you will notice new names for those contributing articles and updates in this newsletter. You will find a complete list of volunteers at the end of this newsletter.


Sightings last Month submitted by Duncan Poole


There were 192 species reported for the lake area in March. The complete list is shown at the end of this newsletter. Interesting sightings included the following:


  • Northern Parula, at Ajijic Malecon. Photographed March 15th by visiting Birder, James Hatfield.
  • White Ibis, at Presa de Santa Cruz de Soledad. Seen and photographed March 20th by Birders Kate and Carl Anderson, Thomas Bravo, and Barbara Hogan.
  • Green-Tailed Towhee, at San Antonio Malecon. Photographed March 30th by Birder Duncan Poole.
  • Spotted/collared Towhee, at Cerro Viejo. Photographed by Marion (Mugs) McConnell, recorded by Jules Evens.

Featured Bird: White Ibis submitted by Jules Evens

White Ibis
  • The White Ibis is predominantly a coastal species, frequenting fresh water marshes, salt marshes, and estuarine wetlands, where it specializes in consuming crustaceans.
  • Although highly nomadic, it is rarely seen inland. However, on March 20th of this year, some Lake Chapala birders found a single adult at Presa Santa Cruz, for Lake Chapala's first documented record.
  • A single individual was interesting because the species is described as "highly gregarious" and tends to gather in flocks.
  • Like others in the Ibis family, this species has a long, drooping bill, but is the only ibis with white plumage and a bright blue eye. The bill, legs and face are red and will intensify in color during the nesting season. There is a smidgen of black on the wingtips.
  • As with other probing waders (such as Dowitchers), the tip of the ibis' bill is well supplied with nerve endings, and has a slight gap in the center which allows the tip to function like tweezers, grabbing prey such as crustaceans, aquatic insects, and small fish.
  • Their taste for shellfish has caused them to be considered a threat by commercial crayfish farmers in Louisiana where they are shot as vermin, but overall, the population appears relatively stable with its range expanding somewhat.

Upcoming Bird Walks and Trips

Our bird-walks are open to all those interested in birds, both beginners and experienced birders. Just bring binoculars. We always have knowledgeable birders on hand to identify the species. Note that we will try to limit most car trips to three vehicles and 14 people because larger convoys are hard to manage when trying to stop on country roads to look at the birds. If you are being given a ride, please make a contribution to your driver for gas and tolls ($150 pesos for a half day outing, $300 pesos for a day trip).


On Friday April 11, meet team leaders Robert and Mugs McConnell at 8.15 am at the entrance to Cristiania Park in Chapala. We should see an interesting selection of species in the park and on the shore of the lake. We will likely still catch the nesting cattle egret in the trees throughout the park. At 10.00am we will complete the bird list together. Please confirm your attendance at with Robert least 2 days in advance at bob.mcconnell58@gmail.com .  

How to Get There: From Ajijic go to the traffic light at the main street of Chapala (Av. Madero), Cross straight over and keep going straight for five blocks, turn left at the T intersection and park on the right, near the Park entrance.


On Wednesday, April 16, meet team leader Tom Bravo at 8.00 am at the San Antonio Malecon parking lot to walk the Malecon area. At about 9.30 we will head to Cafe Negro restaurant for breakfast and complete the bird list. Please confirm your attendance at least 2 days in advance with with Tom at thmsbrv@gmail.com

How to get to the Parking Lot: Follow these instructions carefully because of the one-way street system in San Antonio. From Ajijic, go past Walmart and the Coca Cola warehouse, then turn downhill at the traffic light onto San Jose/Allen Lloyd (close to Black Coffee, El Parque, and the Little Theater). Proceed downhill and turn right onto La Paz at a shrine one block before the lake, then turn left at the T intersection, and go one block to the parking lot.


On Thursday April 24, meet team leader Cheshta Buckley at 8.00 am at El Bajio on the west side of Ajijic and walk down the lane to the lake. Expect to see a good variety of birds in the tall trees and fields. At about 10.00 am we will review the bird list. You must reserve - email Cheshta Buckley at: cheshta@mac.com at least 2 days ahead of time. Chesh's US cell 808 854 1594.  

How to Get There: From Ajijic go about 2 mi. (3 km) west from the light at Colon, turn downhill for El Bajio (across from the west end of the large unfinished retirement community being redeveloped by Latitude/Margaritaville) and park immediately on the lateral road parallel to the carretera.

Bird Walk & Trip Reports submitted by John Keeling

On March 10th, we had 12 keen birders out for the trip to Lake Atonilco at Villa Corona. The level of that lake is getting quite low, much as it was last year at this time. We were able to observe 55 species including American Pipit, Thick-billed Kingbird, Northern Bobwhite, Wilson's Snipe, Roseate Spoonbill, Wood Stork and Northern Harrier.


On March 17th, there were 13 birders on the beach at La Cristina, where we spotted Yellow-rumped Warbler, Yellow Warbler, Orange-crowned Warbler, Rufous-backed Robin, Painted Bunting, Killdeer, Golden-fronted Woodpecker, Cassin's Kingbird and Tropical Kingbird out of total of 53 species.


On March 27th, we travelled with 6 keen observers up to the top of Mezcala Mountain, counting Blue Mockingbird, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Ash-throated Flycatcher, Greater Pewee, and only two warbler species – Black and White and Lucy's for a total of 27 species.

Monthly Sightings List submitted by Duncan Poole

Here are the 192 species observed around Lake Chapala in March (in Taxonomic order):


Black-bellied Whistling-Duck

Fulvous Whistling-Duck

Blue-winged Teal

Cinnamon Teal

Northern Shoveler

Gadwall

American Wigeon

Mexican Duck

Northern Pintail

Green-winged Teal

Lesser Scaup

Ruddy Duck

Rock Pigeon

Eurasian Collared-Dove

Inca Dove

Ruddy Ground Dove

White-tipped Dove

White-winged Dove

Mourning Dove

Groove-billed Ani

Squirrel Cuckoo

Buff-collared Nightjar

Ruby-throated Hummingbird

Black-chinned Hummingbird

Broad-billed Hummingbird

White-eared Hummingbird

Violet-crowned Hummingbird

Berylline Hummingbird

Sora

Common Gallinule

American Coot

Black-necked Stilt

American Avocet

Killdeer

Semipalmated Plover

Northern Jacana

Long-billed Dowitcher

Wilson's Snipe

Spotted Sandpiper

Solitary Sandpiper

Lesser Yellowlegs

Willet

Greater Yellowlegs

Stilt Sandpiper

Least Sandpiper

Laughing Gull

Ring-billed Gull

Caspian Tern

Forster's Tern

Least Grebe

Pied-billed Grebe

Clark's Grebe

Neotropic Cormorant

White Ibis

White-faced Ibis

Black-crowned Night Heron

Little Blue Heron

Tricolored Heron

Snowy Egret

Green Heron

Western Cattle-Egret

Great Egret

Great Blue Heron

American White Pelican

Black Vulture

Turkey Vulture

Sharp-shinned Hawk

Cooper's Hawk

Red-tailed Hawk

Western Screech-Owl

Great Horned Owl

Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl

Russet-crowned Motmot

Belted Kingfisher

Yellow-bellied Sapsucker

Golden-fronted Woodpecker

Ladder-backed Woodpecker

Crested Caracara

American Kestrel

Monk Parakeet

Northern Beardless-Tyrannulet

Greenish Elaenia

Olive-sided Flycatcher

Greater Pewee

Western Wood-Pewee

Least Flycatcher

Gray Flycatcher

Dusky Flycatcher

Western Flycatcher

Buff-breasted Flycatcher

Black Phoebe

Say's Phoebe

Vermilion Flycatcher

Dusky-capped Flycatcher

Ash-throated Flycatcher

Nutting's Flycatcher

Brown-crested Flycatcher

Great Kiskadee

Social Flycatcher

Tropical Kingbird

Cassin's Kingbird

Thick-billed Kingbird

Western Kingbird

Golden Vireo

Black-capped Vireo

Bell's Vireo

Hutton's Vireo

Plumbeous Vireo

Warbling Vireo

Loggerhead Shrike

Common Raven

Tree Swallow

Violet-green Swallow

Northern Rough-winged Swallow

Barn Swallow

Bushtit

Ruby-crowned Kinglet

Blue-gray Gnatcatcher

Black-tailed Gnatcatcher

Canyon Wren

Northern House Wren

Marsh Wren

Bewick's Wren

Spotted Wren

Happy Wren

Sinaloa Wren

Blue Mockingbird

Curve-billed Thrasher

Northern Mockingbird

Brown-backed Solitaire

Orange -Billed Nightingale-Thrush

Hermit Thrush

American Robin

Rufous-backed Robin

Gray Silky-flycatcher

Olive Warbler

House Sparrow

American Pipit

Elegant Euphonia

House Finch

Lesser Goldfinch

Stripe-headed Sparrow

Chipping Sparrow

Lark Sparrow

Savannah Sparrow

Lincoln's Sparrow

Rusty-crowned Ground-Sparrow

Canyon Towhee

Rusty Sparrow

Green-tailed Towhee

Spotted/collared Towhee

Yellow-breasted Chat

Yellow-headed Blackbird

Black-vented Oriole

Orchard Oriole

Hooded Oriole

Streak-backed Oriole

Bullock's Oriole

Black-backed Oriole

Scott's Oriole

Red-winged Blackbird

Bronzed Cowbird

Brown-headed Cowbird

Great-tailed Grackle

Northern Waterthrush

Black-and-white Warbler

Orange-crowned Warbler

Lucy's Warbler

Nashville Warbler

Virginia's Warbler

MacGillivray's Warbler

Common Yellowthroat

American Redstart

Northern Parula

Yellow Warbler

Yellow-rumped Warbler

Black-throated Gray Warbler

Hermit Warbler

Rufous-capped Warbler

Wilson's Warbler

Red-faced Warbler

Hepatic Tanager

Summer Tanager

Western Tanager

Flame-colored Tanager

Black-headed Grosbeak

Blue Grosbeak

Lazuli Bunting

Indigo Bunting

Varied Bunting

Painted Bunting

Cinnamon-rumped Seedeater

Sighting Location codes:



Ac - Ajijic: La Cristina & El Bajio

At - Trails above Ajijic

Av - Ajijic village

Ca - Lake Cajititlan & marsh

Ch - Chapala

Ct - Caracol Trail & Int'l School

Cs - Chapala Haciendas & Las Brisas

Cv - Cerro Viejo

Dm - Dike: Jamay to Malteraña

Dp - Dike: Maltaraña to La Palma

Hv - Hidden Valley oak forest

Ja - Jamay

La - La Cañada & Hidden Valley

Jo - Jocotepec

Ld - Lerma & Duero rivers

Mz - Mezcala

Oc - Ocotlan

Pe - Petatan area

Ps - Pumping Station & Santa Cruz

Pt - San Pedro Tesistan

Pz - San Pedro Itzican/Poncitlan

Ra - Rosa Amarilla loop

Rc - Santa Rosa & Carnero dam

Rp - Riberas del Pilar & Canyon

Sa - San Antonio & Allen Lloyd Trail

Sc - San Juan Cosala

Sn - San Nicholas & Golf Club

Tz - Tizapan canyon

Te - San Juan Tecomatlan

Tr - Las Trojes & Chupinaya

Tu - Tuxcueca & San Luis Soyatlan

Xt - Ixtlahuacan & Las Campanillas




What is the "Lake Chapala Area"?



We define it as the whole area of the lake plus all land within 15km (or 7 miles) from the edge of the lake.

Lake Chapala Birders is an informal group of bird observers led by a team of Chapala Birders on behalf of John and Rosemary Keeling.

Overall Coordinator - Cheshta Buckley

Newsletter - Mugs McConnell

Website - Robert McConnell

Feature Bird - Jules Evans

Monthly Sightings Lists - Duncan Poole

Bird Trip Leaders and Reports - Cheshta Buckley, Thomas Bravo, Kate and Carl Anderson, Jules Evens, Duncan Poole, John Roynon.


Illustrated color folders showing our common birds are available for $200 pesos at Diane Pearl's Gallery, 11 am to 4 pm, Santa Margarita #23, at the east end of Riberas del Pilar. Also available from John Keeling on bird walks.


We like to hear of bird sightings at: chapalabirders@yahoo.com.


Check our website: ChapalaBirders.org

There you will find our newsletters, illustrations of our birds and advice on buying binoculars, books and birding apps.

Monday, March 3, 2025

Newsletter


Chapala Birders Newsletter, March 2, 2025

Sightings last Month


There were 210 species reported for the lake area in February. The complete list is shown at the end of this newsletter. Interesting sightings included the following:


  • Yellow-bellied Sapsucker was seen by Duncan Poole at the San Antonio malecon.
  • Tom Bravo reported a Gray Flycatcher at the same location.
  • Jules Evens and a group of others heard Mexican Whip-poor-will and six owl species in the early morning on the Caracol Trail.



When do our Migrants Fly North?


In our part of Mexico, the migratory song birds start getting itchy feet in the middle of March and have all disappeared by mid-April. Their departures are carefully timed to arrive on their breeding grounds in the U.S., Canada and the Arctic exactly when the ice is out and the first flowers and insects are appearing so that they can compete for the best mates and best nesting sites.

Featured Bird: White-throated Thrush

  • A White-throated Thrush. Observe the black and white stripes on the neck and a white crescent beneath the neck. Sexes are similar. South of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec (the narrowest part of Mexico) this species has a black back and yellow eyering.
  • The White-throated Thrush occurs from Mexico to Colombia. There are many subspecies, each inhabiting its own mountain range and each exhibiting different color tones.
  • It is seen only occasionally in our hills, though it is more common closer to the coast.
  • It does not migrate, but it exhibits altitude migration, meaning that it tends to move to lower altitudes in colder weather.
  • It feeds on insects and worms, as well as fruits and berries in the non-breeding season.
  • The nest is made of grasses and moss held together by mud, either in the fork of a tree or on the ground.
  • The female lays 2-4 eggs, incubating them for two weeks. Both parents feed the young for another two weeks until they fledge.

Upcoming Bird Walks and Trips

Our bird-walks are open to all those interested in birds, both beginners and experienced birders. Just bring binoculars. We always have knowledgeable birders on hand to identify the species. Note that we will try to limit most car trips to three vehicles and 14 people because larger convoys are hard to manage when trying to stop on country roads to look at the birds. If you are being given a ride, we suggest you make a contribution to your driver for gas and tolls (perhaps $150 pesos for a half day outing, $300 pesos for a day trip).


On Monday March 10, we will meet at 8.00 am at the 'Sculpture (at the only traffic light in La Floresta, south-east corner, opposite Restaurant Pranzo), departing immediately for Villa Corona on Lake Atotonilco (60 minutes drive). We expect to see various shore birds such as White-faced Ibis and Roseate Spoonbill. Bring your own mid-morning refreshments. There will be a break for snacking at 11.00 am. We will be back in Ajijic by about 1.30 pm. You must reserve - email John at least 2 days ahead of time, saying if you can bring a vehicle and can take passengers, or you would like to be a passenger.


On Monday March 17, we will meet at 8.00 a.m. at La Cristina on the west side of Ajijic. We will see some shore birds and birds in the tall trees along the street. At about 10.00 am we will head to Fonda Doña Lola restaurant for breakfast and complete the bird list.

How to Get There: Drive about 2 mi (4km) west from Colon, look for signs for Hacienda La Cristina (near a bus stop and signs for Las Palmas), turn down to the lake, and park close to the lake.


On Thursday March 27, we will meet at 8.00 am at the 'Sculpture' (at the only traffic light in La Floresta, south-east corner, opposite Restaurant Pranzo) and leave immediately for Mezcala Mountain (60 minutes drive). We will park and then walk the one-mile (1.5 km) trail along the top. Bring refreshments for the 11.00 am snack break. Expect to get back to Ajijic by 1.00 pm. Other pick-up points can be arranged between Ajijic and Mezcala. If you plan on going, you must email John Keeling at chapalabirders@yahoo.com at least 2 days ahead indicating if you can bring a vehicle and can take passengers, or you would like to be a passenger. High-clearance, all wheel drive vehicles with off-road tires are recommended for the ascent.

Bird Walk & Trip Reports

On February 6, we had 12 birders on the Allen Lloyd Trail, managing to spot 34 species including Greenish Elaenia, Virginia's Warbler, MacGillivray's Warbler, Blue Mockingbird, Warbling Vireo and Squirrel Cuckoo.


On February 20, we had a group of 10 people on the Rosa Amarrilla Loop. We observed Osprey, White-tailed Hawk, Black Phoebe, Canvasback, Ruddy Duck, Brewer's Blackbird, Chihuahan Meadowlark, and Stripe-headed Sparrow.


On February 26, with fifteen observers, we recorded 55 species at Cristiania Park in Chapala, including Rufous-backed Robin, Cassin's Kingbird, Cinnamon-rumped Seedeater, White-faced Ibis, Monk Parakeet and Groove-billed Ani.

Monthly Sightings List

Here are the 210 species observed around Lake Chapala in February:


Ani, groove-billed

Avocet, American

Becard, gray-collared

Becard, rose-throated

Bittern, American

Blackbird, Brewer's

Blackbird, red-winged

Blackbird, yellow-headed

Bunting, indigo

Bunting, lazuli

Bunting, painted

Bunting, varied

Bushtit

Canvasback

Caracara, crested

Chat, yellow-breasted

Coot, American

Cormorant, neotropic

Cowbird, bronzed

Cowbird, brown-headed

Cuckoo, squirrel

Dove, common ground

Dove, Eurasian collared

Dove, Inca

Dove, mourning

Dove, white-tipped

Dowitcher, long-billed

Duck, black-bellied whistling

Duck, fulvous whistling

Duck, Mexican

Duck, ruddy

Egret, great

Egret, snowy

Egret, western cattle

Elaenia, greenish (Sa)

Euphonia, elegant

Finch, house

Flycatcher, ash-throated

Flycatcher, brown-crested

Flycatcher, dusky

Flycatcher, dusky-capped

Flycatcher, gray

Flycatcher, Hammond's

Flycatcher, least

Flycatcher, Nutting's (Sa)

Flycatcher, social

Flycatcher, tufted (Sa)

Flycatcher, vermilion

Flycatcher, western

Gadwall

Gallinule, common

Gnatcatcher, black-capped

Gnatcatcher, blue-gray

Goldfinch, lesser

Grackle, great-tailed

Grebe, pied-billed

Grosbeak, black-headed

Grosbeak, blue

Gull, laughing

Gull, ring-billed

Harrier, northern

Hawk, Cooper's (Sa)

Hawk, gray

Hawk, red-tailed

Hawk, sharp-shinned (Sa)

Hawk, short-tailed

Hawk, white-tailed

Hawk, zone-tailed

Heron, black-crowned night

Heron, great blue

Heron, green

Heron, little blue

Heron, tri-colored

Hummingbird, berylline

Hummingbird, black-chinned

Hummingbird, broad-billed

Hummingbird, broad-tailed

Hummingbird, Rivoli's

Hummingbird, ruby-throated

Hummingbird, violet-crowned

Hummingbird, white-eared

Ibis, white-faced

Jacana, northern

Kestrel, American

Killdeer

Kingbird, Cassin's

Kingbird, thick-billed

Kingbird, tropical

Kingbird, western

Kingfisher, belted

Kinglet, ruby-crowned

Kiskadee, great

Kite, white-tailed

Meadowlark, Chihuahuan (Ra)

Mockingbird, blue

Mockingbird, northern

Mountain-gem, blue-throated

Nighthawk, lesser

Nightjar, buff-collared

Oriole, black-backed

Oriole, black-vented

Oriole, Bullock's

Oriole, hooded

Oriole, orchard

Oriole, streak-backed

Osprey

Owl, elf (Ct)

Owl, ferruginous pygmy (Ct)

Owl, great horned (Ct)

Owl, mottled (Ct)

Owl, mountain pygmy (Ct)

Owl, western screech (Ct)

Parakeet, monk (Ch)

Parrotlet, Mexican

Pelican, American white

Pewee, greater

Phoebe, black (Ra)

Phoebe, Say's

Pigeon, rock

Pintail, northern

Raven, common

Redstart, American

Redstart, painted

Redstart, slate-throated (Sa)

Robin, American

Robin, rufous-backed

Sandpiper, least

Sandpiper, spotted

Sapsucker, yellow-bellied (Sa)

Scaup, lesser

Seedeater, cinnamon-rumped

Shoveler, northern

Shrike, loggerhead

Snipe, Wilson's

Solitaire, brown-backed (Ct)

Sora

Sparrow, chipping

Sparrow, clay-colored

Sparrow, grasshopper (Sa)

Sparrow, house

Sparrow, lark

Sparrow, Lincoln's

Sparrow, rusty-crowned ground

Sparrow, savannah

Sparrow, stripe-headed

Stilt, black-necked

Stork, wood

Swallow, barn

Swallow, northern rough-winged

Swallow, tree

Swallow, violet-green

Swift, Vaux's (Sa)

Tanager, flame-colored

Tanager, hepatic

Tanager, summer

Tanager, western

Teal, blue-winged

Teal, cinnamon

Teal, green-winged

Tern, black

Tern, Caspian

Tern, Forster's

Thrasher, curve-billed

Thrush, hermit

Thrush, orange-billed nightingale

Towhee, canyon

Towhee, green-tailed (Sc)

Towhee, spotted (Ct)

Tyrannulet, northern beardless

Violetear, Mexican (Ct)

Vireo, Bell's

Vireo, black capped

Vireo, Cassin's

Vireo, golden

Vireo, Hutton's

Vireo, plumbeous

Vireo, warbling

Vulture, black

Vulture, turkey

Warbler, black and white

Warbler, black-throated gray

Warbler, hermit

Warbler, Lucy's

Warbler, MacGillivray's

Warbler, Nashville

Warbler, orange-crowned

Warbler, red-faced

Warbler, rufous-capped

Warbler, Townsend's

Warbler, Virginia's

Warbler, Wilson's

Warbler, yellow

Warbler, yellow-rumped

Waterthrush, Louisiana (Sa)

Waterthrush, northern (Sa)

Whip-poor-will, Mexican (Ct)

Wigeon, American (Ct)

Willet

Woodpecker, golden-fronted

Woodpecker, ladder-backed

Wren, Bewick's

Wren, canyon

Wren, happy

Wren, marsh

Wren, northern house

Wren, Sinaloa

Wren, spotted

Yellowlegs, greater

Yellowthroat, common

Yellowthroat, gray-crowned

Sighting Location codes:



Ac - Ajijic: La Cristina & El Bajio

At - Trails above Ajijic

Av - Ajijic village

Ca - Lake Cajititlan & marsh

Ch - Chapala

Ct - Caracol Trail & Int'l School

Cs - Chapala Haciendas & Las Brisas

Cv - Cerro Viejo

Dm - Dike: Jamay to Malteraña

Dp - Dike: Maltaraña to La Palma

Hv - Hidden Valley oak forest

Ja - Jamay

La - La Cañada & Hidden Valley

Jo - Jocotepec

Ld - Lerma & Duero rivers

Mz - Mezcala

Oc - Ocotlan

Pe - Petatan area

Ps - Pumping Station & Santa Cruz

Pt - San Pedro Tesistan

Pz - San Pedro Itzican/Poncitlan

Ra - Rosa Amarilla loop

Rc - Santa Rosa & Carnero dam

Rp - Riberas del Pilar & Canyon

Sa - San Antonio & Allen Lloyd Trail

Sc - San Juan Cosala

Sn - San Nicholas & Golf Club

Tz - Tizapan canyon

Te - San Juan Tecomatlan

Tr - Las Trojes & Chupinaya

Tu - Tuxcueca & San Luis Soyatlan

Xt - Ixtlahuacan & Las Campanillas




What is the "Lake Chapala Area"?



We define it as the whole area of the lake plus all land within 15km (or 7 miles) from the edge of the lake.

Lake Chapala Birders is an informal group of bird observers led by John and Rosemary Keeling.


Illustrated color folders showing our common birds are available for $200 pesos at Diane Pearl's Gallery, 11 am to 4 pm, Santa Margarita #23, at the east end of Riberas del Pilar. Also available from John Keeling on bird walks.


We like to hear of bird sightings at: chapalabirders@yahoo.com.


Check our website: ChapalaBirders.org

There you will find our newsletters, illustrations of our birds and advice on buying binoculars, books and birding apps.